Senyawa Fenolik Sebagai Agen Terapeutik Translasi: Karakteristik Kimia, Mekanisme Farmakologis, dan Implikasi Farmasi Klinis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71417/galen.v2i1.170Kata Kunci:
Bioavailabilitas; Farmasi klinis; Senyawa fenolik; Terapi adjuvan; Translasi terapeutikAbstrak
Senyawa fenolik merupakan metabolit sekunder tumbuhan dengan keragaman struktur kimia dan potensi farmakologis sebagai agen terapeutik multitarget, khususnya pada penyakit kronis yang berkaitan dengan inflamasi, stres oksidatif, dan gangguan metabolik. Namun, translasi temuan praklinik senyawa fenolik ke dalam manfaat klinis yang konsisten masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Artikel ini bertujuan menyajikan sintesis terintegrasi mengenai senyawa fenolik sebagai agen terapeutik translasi dengan menekankan keterkaitan antara karakteristik kimia, mekanisme farmakologis, keterbatasan farmakokinetik, dan implikasi farmasi klinis. Artikel disusun menggunakan pendekatan narrative review terhadap literatur ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa fenolik memodulasi berbagai jalur molekuler yang berperan dalam inflamasi, stres oksidatif, metabolisme, dan fungsi endotel. Namun, bioavailabilitas oral yang rendah dan variabilitas respons individu membatasi efektivitas klinisnya. Oleh karena itu, senyawa fenolik lebih tepat diposisikan sebagai terapi adjuvan atau agen preventif dibandingkan sebagai pengganti terapi standar, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan translasi yang terintegrasi dan berbasis farmasi klinis.
Unduhan
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